{
  "api_version": "1",
  "request": {
    "url": "https://clinicaltrialsfind.com/api/v1/search.json?condition=Abuse+Liability",
    "query": {
      "condition": "Abuse Liability"
    },
    "page_size": 10
  },
  "pagination": {
    "page": 1,
    "page_size": 10,
    "total_count": 79,
    "total_pages": 8,
    "next_page_url": "https://clinicaltrialsfind.com/api/v1/search.json?condition=Abuse+Liability&page=2&page_size=10",
    "previous_page_url": null
  },
  "source": "remote",
  "last_synced_at": "2026-07-23T08:05:09.507Z",
  "attribution": "Data derived from public ClinicalTrials.gov records. The official record at https://clinicaltrials.gov/ remains the source of truth for current availability, contacts, and full study details.",
  "notes": [
    "This endpoint exposes only public summary fields — no participant contact emails, phone numbers, or scraped investigator contact details.",
    "For contact information and full protocol detail, follow each trial's `official_url` to the ClinicalTrials.gov record.",
    "This API is a navigational aid. It does not provide medical advice, eligibility determinations, or compensation guarantees."
  ],
  "trials": [
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT03637452",
      "title": "Baby Albert: Electronic Cigarette Pharmacokinetics (PK) and Abuse Liability",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "OBSERVATIONAL",
      "phases": [],
      "conditions": [
        "Tobacco Use"
      ],
      "interventions": [],
      "intervention_types": [],
      "sponsor": "University of Oklahoma",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": true,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": "99 Years",
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years to 99 Years"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 19,
      "start_date": "2018-11-12",
      "completion_date": "2019-05-23",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2020-12-17",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-07-23T08:05:09.507Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Oklahoma City, Oklahoma",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Oklahoma City",
          "state": "Oklahoma"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03637452"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT02870218",
      "title": "Abuse Liability of Reduced Nicotine Content Cigarettes in the Context of Concurrent E-Cigarette Use",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "PHASE2"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Nicotine Addiction",
        "Cigarette Smoking"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Smoking research cigarettes with e-cigarette",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "Nicotine discrimination thresholds",
          "type": "DRUG"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "DRUG"
      ],
      "sponsor": "Rose Research Center, LLC",
      "sponsor_class": "INDUSTRY",
      "healthy_volunteers": true,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "21 Years",
        "maximum_age": "65 Years",
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "21 Years to 65 Years"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 150,
      "start_date": "2019-05-01",
      "completion_date": "2021-07-28",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2022-01-14",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-07-23T08:05:09.507Z",
      "location_count": 2,
      "location_summary": "Charlotte, North Carolina • Raleigh, North Carolina",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Charlotte",
          "state": "North Carolina"
        },
        {
          "city": "Raleigh",
          "state": "North Carolina"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02870218"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT03837860",
      "title": "Reducing the Abuse of Opioids in Drug Users",
      "overall_status": "TERMINATED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "EARLY_PHASE1"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Opioid Abuse, Unspecified",
        "Opioid Dependence"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Oxycodone/Placebo",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "Oxycodone/Risperidone",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "Oxycodone/Ziprasidone",
          "type": "DRUG"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "DRUG"
      ],
      "sponsor": "The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "21 Years",
        "maximum_age": "65 Years",
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "21 Years to 65 Years"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 3,
      "start_date": "2019-04-01",
      "completion_date": "2022-01-21",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2022-02-15",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-07-23T08:05:09.507Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "San Antonio, Texas",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "San Antonio",
          "state": "Texas"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03837860"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT06506162",
      "title": "Abuse Liability and Appeal of Oral Nicotine Products",
      "overall_status": "RECRUITING",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "NA"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Nicotine Dependence"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Flavor",
          "type": "OTHER"
        },
        {
          "name": "Nicotine concentration",
          "type": "OTHER"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "OTHER"
      ],
      "sponsor": "University of Southern California",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": true,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "21 Years",
        "maximum_age": "25 Years",
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "21 Years to 25 Years"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 320,
      "start_date": "2024-02-09",
      "completion_date": "2028-02-14",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2026-07-09",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-07-23T08:05:09.507Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Los Angeles, California",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Los Angeles",
          "state": "California"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06506162"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT03559725",
      "title": "Evaluation of Abuse Liability of Very Low Nicotine (VLN) Mentholated Cigarettes",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "PHASE1"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Tobacco Use"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "VLN menthol cigarettes (A)",
          "type": "OTHER"
        },
        {
          "name": "Usual Brand Menthol Cigarettes (B)",
          "type": "OTHER"
        },
        {
          "name": "Nicotine gum (C)",
          "type": "DRUG"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "OTHER",
        "DRUG"
      ],
      "sponsor": "22nd Century Group, Inc.",
      "sponsor_class": "INDUSTRY",
      "healthy_volunteers": true,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "22 Years",
        "maximum_age": "65 Years",
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "22 Years to 65 Years"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 55,
      "start_date": "2018-05-01",
      "completion_date": "2018-10-04",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2020-03-25",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-07-23T08:05:09.507Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Overland Park, Kansas",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Overland Park",
          "state": "Kansas"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03559725"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT05294497",
      "title": "CSD201301: Study to Assess Elements of Abuse Liability for Four P13 Nicotine Pouches",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "NA"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Smoking",
        "Tobacco Use",
        "Tobacco Smoking"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Product A",
          "type": "OTHER"
        },
        {
          "name": "Product B",
          "type": "OTHER"
        },
        {
          "name": "Product C",
          "type": "OTHER"
        },
        {
          "name": "Product D",
          "type": "OTHER"
        },
        {
          "name": "Product N",
          "type": "OTHER"
        },
        {
          "name": "Product E",
          "type": "OTHER"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "OTHER"
      ],
      "sponsor": "RAI Services Company",
      "sponsor_class": "INDUSTRY",
      "healthy_volunteers": true,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "21 Years",
        "maximum_age": "60 Years",
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "21 Years to 60 Years"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 42,
      "start_date": "2022-05-01",
      "completion_date": "2022-05-27",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2022-06-29",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-07-23T08:05:09.507Z",
      "location_count": 2,
      "location_summary": "Lexington, Kentucky • Knoxville, Tennessee",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Lexington",
          "state": "Kentucky"
        },
        {
          "city": "Knoxville",
          "state": "Tennessee"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05294497"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT04587115",
      "title": "Reducing the Abuse Liability of Prescription Opioids",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "EARLY_PHASE1"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Addiction"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Risperidone",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "Ziprasidone",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "Oxycodone",
          "type": "DRUG"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "DRUG"
      ],
      "sponsor": "The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": true,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "21 Years",
        "maximum_age": "65 Years",
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "21 Years to 65 Years"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 15,
      "start_date": "2017-06-16",
      "completion_date": "2020-01-01",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2020-10-14",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-07-23T08:05:09.507Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "San Antonio, Texas",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "San Antonio",
          "state": "Texas"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04587115"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT04167384",
      "title": "CSD190301: A Study to Assess Elements of Abuse Liability for Two Dissolvable Nicotine Lozenge Tobacco Products",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "NA"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Smoking",
        "Tobacco Use",
        "Tobacco Smoking"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Product A",
          "type": "OTHER"
        },
        {
          "name": "Product B",
          "type": "OTHER"
        },
        {
          "name": "Product C",
          "type": "OTHER"
        },
        {
          "name": "Product D",
          "type": "OTHER"
        },
        {
          "name": "Product E",
          "type": "OTHER"
        },
        {
          "name": "Product F",
          "type": "OTHER"
        },
        {
          "name": "Product G",
          "type": "OTHER"
        },
        {
          "name": "Product H",
          "type": "OTHER"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "OTHER"
      ],
      "sponsor": "RAI Services Company",
      "sponsor_class": "INDUSTRY",
      "healthy_volunteers": true,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "21 Years",
        "maximum_age": "60 Years",
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "21 Years to 60 Years"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 69,
      "start_date": "2019-12-02",
      "completion_date": "2020-02-28",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2020-03-12",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-07-23T08:05:09.507Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "High Point, North Carolina",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "High Point",
          "state": "North Carolina"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04167384"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT02144415",
      "title": "A Study to Evaluate the Abuse Potential of EB-1020 Immediate-Release in Healthy Recreational Stimulant Users",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "PHASE1"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Healthy Volunteers",
        "Drug Users"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "EB-1020 400 mg",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "EB-1020 800 mg",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "lisdexamfetamine 150 mg",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "d-amphetamine 40 mg",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "Placebo",
          "type": "DRUG"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "DRUG"
      ],
      "sponsor": "Otsuka Pharmaceutical Development & Commercialization, Inc.",
      "sponsor_class": "INDUSTRY",
      "healthy_volunteers": true,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": "55 Years",
        "sex": "MALE",
        "summary": "18 Years to 55 Years · Male only"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 80,
      "start_date": "2014-05-01",
      "completion_date": "2014-07-01",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2026-04-13",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-07-23T08:05:09.507Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Overland Park, Kansas",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Overland Park",
          "state": "Kansas"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02144415"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT00699010",
      "title": "Study of the Abuse Liability of Oxycodone HCl/Niacin in Subjects With a History of Opioid Abuse",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "PHASE2"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Opioid Abuse"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Acurox 5/30mg taken first",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "Oxycodone 5mg taken first",
          "type": "DRUG"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "DRUG"
      ],
      "sponsor": "Acura Pharmaceuticals Inc.",
      "sponsor_class": "INDUSTRY",
      "healthy_volunteers": true,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": "55 Years",
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years to 55 Years"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 30,
      "start_date": "2008-03",
      "completion_date": "2008-08",
      "has_results": true,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2018-10-03",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-07-23T08:05:09.507Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Baltimore, Maryland",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Baltimore",
          "state": "Maryland"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT00699010"
    }
  ]
}