{
  "api_version": "1",
  "request": {
    "url": "https://clinicaltrialsfind.com/api/v1/search.json?intervention=Abstinence+and+Smoking",
    "query": {
      "intervention": "Abstinence and Smoking"
    },
    "page_size": 10
  },
  "pagination": {
    "page": 1,
    "page_size": 10,
    "total_count": 201,
    "total_pages": 21,
    "next_page_url": "https://clinicaltrialsfind.com/api/v1/search.json?intervention=Abstinence+and+Smoking&page=2&page_size=10",
    "previous_page_url": null
  },
  "source": "remote",
  "last_synced_at": "2026-09-24T13:52:32.368Z",
  "attribution": "Data derived from public ClinicalTrials.gov records. The official record at https://clinicaltrials.gov/ remains the source of truth for current availability, contacts, and full study details.",
  "notes": [
    "This endpoint exposes only public summary fields — no participant contact emails, phone numbers, or scraped investigator contact details.",
    "For contact information and full protocol detail, follow each trial's `official_url` to the ClinicalTrials.gov record.",
    "This API is a navigational aid. It does not provide medical advice, eligibility determinations, or compensation guarantees."
  ],
  "trials": [
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT00087880",
      "title": "Maintaining Abstinence in Chronic Cigarette Smokers - 1",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "PHASE2"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Tobacco Use Disorder"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Bupropion and NRT",
          "type": "DRUG"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "DRUG"
      ],
      "sponsor": "National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)",
      "sponsor_class": "NIH",
      "healthy_volunteers": true,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": null,
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years and older"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 407,
      "start_date": "2002-12",
      "completion_date": "2009-09",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2017-01-12",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-09-24T13:52:32.368Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "San Francisco, California",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "San Francisco",
          "state": "California"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT00087880"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT03840694",
      "title": "Nicotine Withdrawal and Reward Processing: Connecting Neurobiology to Real-world Behavior",
      "overall_status": "TERMINATED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "NA"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Cigarette Smoking",
        "Nicotine Withdrawal"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Smoking Abstinence",
          "type": "OTHER"
        },
        {
          "name": "Ad Lib Smoking",
          "type": "OTHER"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "OTHER"
      ],
      "sponsor": "Duke University",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": true,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "21 Years",
        "maximum_age": "55 Years",
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "21 Years to 55 Years"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 21,
      "start_date": "2019-09-10",
      "completion_date": "2021-05-13",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2021-05-20",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-09-24T13:52:32.368Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Durham, North Carolina",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Durham",
          "state": "North Carolina"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03840694"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT01214005",
      "title": "Smoking Abstinence and Lapse Effects in Smokers With Schizophrenia and Controls",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "PHASE2"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Tobacco Use Disorder",
        "Schizophrenia"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "smoking abstinence",
          "type": "BEHAVIORAL"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "BEHAVIORAL"
      ],
      "sponsor": "Brown University",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": true,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": null,
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years and older"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 60,
      "start_date": "2009-06",
      "completion_date": "2012-02",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2012-04-27",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-09-24T13:52:32.368Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Providence, Rhode Island",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Providence",
          "state": "Rhode Island"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT01214005"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT02302859",
      "title": "Mobile Media-Rich Interactive Guideline System (MMRIGS) Pilot Study",
      "overall_status": "TERMINATED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "NA"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Tobacco Use Cessation"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Nicotine Patch",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "Questionnaires",
          "type": "BEHAVIORAL"
        },
        {
          "name": "Pamphlet",
          "type": "OTHER"
        },
        {
          "name": "Phone Counseling Sessions",
          "type": "BEHAVIORAL"
        },
        {
          "name": "Saliva Test",
          "type": "OTHER"
        },
        {
          "name": "Smart phone",
          "type": "DEVICE"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "DRUG",
        "BEHAVIORAL",
        "OTHER",
        "DEVICE"
      ],
      "sponsor": "M.D. Anderson Cancer Center",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": true,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": null,
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years and older"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 8,
      "start_date": "2015-01",
      "completion_date": "2016-03",
      "has_results": true,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2020-01-27",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-09-24T13:52:32.368Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Houston, Texas",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Houston",
          "state": "Texas"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02302859"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT02825459",
      "title": "Does Abstinence From E-cigarettes Produce Withdrawal Symptoms?",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "NA"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Substance Withdrawal Syndrome"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Abstinence from e-cigarettes",
          "type": "BEHAVIORAL"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "BEHAVIORAL"
      ],
      "sponsor": "University of Vermont",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": true,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": null,
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years and older"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 147,
      "start_date": "2016-07",
      "completion_date": "2018-10-31",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2018-11-20",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-09-24T13:52:32.368Z",
      "location_count": 2,
      "location_summary": "Baltimore, Maryland • Burlington, Vermont",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Baltimore",
          "state": "Maryland"
        },
        {
          "city": "Burlington",
          "state": "Vermont"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02825459"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT06966362",
      "title": "Varenicline for Smoking Reduction in Veterans Not Ready To Quit",
      "overall_status": "RECRUITING",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "PHASE4"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Veterans",
        "Tobacco Use Disorder",
        "Cigarette Smoking",
        "Tobacco Dependence"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Motivation-Phase Varenicline",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "Motivation-Phase Nicotine Mini-Lozenge",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "Cessation-Phase Combination Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT)",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "Cessation-Phase Varenicline",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "Motivation-Phase Counseling",
          "type": "BEHAVIORAL"
        },
        {
          "name": "Cessation-Phase Counseling",
          "type": "BEHAVIORAL"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "DRUG",
        "BEHAVIORAL"
      ],
      "sponsor": "VA Office of Research and Development",
      "sponsor_class": "FED",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "21 Years",
        "maximum_age": null,
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "21 Years and older"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 400,
      "start_date": "2026-08-17",
      "completion_date": "2030-06-28",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2026-08-31",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-09-24T13:52:32.368Z",
      "location_count": 4,
      "location_summary": "San Diego, California • Minneapolis, Minnesota • Durham, North Carolina + 1 more",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "San Diego",
          "state": "California"
        },
        {
          "city": "Minneapolis",
          "state": "Minnesota"
        },
        {
          "city": "Durham",
          "state": "North Carolina"
        },
        {
          "city": "Madison",
          "state": "Wisconsin"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06966362"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT04228965",
      "title": "Cannabis and Tobacco Co-use Study",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "PHASE4"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Tobacco Use Disorder"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Varenicline",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "Contingency Management",
          "type": "BEHAVIORAL"
        },
        {
          "name": "Counseling",
          "type": "BEHAVIORAL"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "DRUG",
        "BEHAVIORAL"
      ],
      "sponsor": "Medical University of South Carolina",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": "40 Years",
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years to 40 Years"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 181,
      "start_date": "2020-01-28",
      "completion_date": "2024-09-13",
      "has_results": true,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2025-06-15",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-09-24T13:52:32.368Z",
      "location_count": 3,
      "location_summary": "Charleston, South Carolina • Florence, South Carolina • Pickens, South Carolina",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Charleston",
          "state": "South Carolina"
        },
        {
          "city": "Florence",
          "state": "South Carolina"
        },
        {
          "city": "Pickens",
          "state": "South Carolina"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04228965"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT01965405",
      "title": "Smoking Cessation for People Living With HIV/AIDS",
      "overall_status": "UNKNOWN",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "NA"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "HIV",
        "AIDS",
        "Nicotine Dependence"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Bupropion",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "Brief Counseling",
          "type": "BEHAVIORAL"
        },
        {
          "name": "High-magnitude prize contingency management",
          "type": "BEHAVIORAL"
        },
        {
          "name": "Monitored support to quit smoking",
          "type": "BEHAVIORAL"
        },
        {
          "name": "No additional treatment",
          "type": "BEHAVIORAL"
        },
        {
          "name": "Prize contingency management for abstinence",
          "type": "BEHAVIORAL"
        },
        {
          "name": "Low intensity prize contingency management",
          "type": "BEHAVIORAL"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "DRUG",
        "BEHAVIORAL"
      ],
      "sponsor": "Wayne State University",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": "80 Years",
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years to 80 Years"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 165,
      "start_date": "2013-08",
      "completion_date": "2021-12",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2021-07-02",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-09-24T13:52:32.368Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Detroit, Michigan",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Detroit",
          "state": "Michigan"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT01965405"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT01756053",
      "title": "Effects of ABT-089 on Smoking Abstinence Symptoms and Reward",
      "overall_status": "TERMINATED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "PHASE2"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Nicotine Addiction"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "ABT-089",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "Placebo",
          "type": "DRUG"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "DRUG"
      ],
      "sponsor": "University of Pennsylvania",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": "65 Years",
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years to 65 Years"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 17,
      "start_date": "2013-03",
      "completion_date": "2014-01",
      "has_results": true,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2014-10-29",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-09-24T13:52:32.368Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Philadelphia, Pennsylvania",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Philadelphia",
          "state": "Pennsylvania"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT01756053"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT00640653",
      "title": "Efficacy of an Abstinence-Only HIV Risk-Reduction Intervention for Young African-American Adolescents",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "NA"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "HIV Infections",
        "Sexually Transmitted Diseases"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Abstinence-only HIV/STD risk-reduction intervention",
          "type": "BEHAVIORAL"
        },
        {
          "name": "Safer-sex-only HIV/STD risk-reduction intervention",
          "type": "BEHAVIORAL"
        },
        {
          "name": "Long comprehensive HIV/STD risk-reduction intervention",
          "type": "BEHAVIORAL"
        },
        {
          "name": "Short comprehensive HIV/STD risk-reduction intervention",
          "type": "BEHAVIORAL"
        },
        {
          "name": "Health promotion control intervention",
          "type": "BEHAVIORAL"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "BEHAVIORAL"
      ],
      "sponsor": "University of Pennsylvania",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": true,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": null,
        "maximum_age": null,
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "Not listed"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 662,
      "start_date": "2001-09",
      "completion_date": "2004-08",
      "has_results": true,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2017-12-13",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-09-24T13:52:32.368Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Philadelphia, Pennsylvania",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Philadelphia",
          "state": "Pennsylvania"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT00640653"
    }
  ]
}