{
  "api_version": "1",
  "request": {
    "url": "https://clinicaltrialsfind.com/api/v1/search.json?intervention=Drain",
    "query": {
      "intervention": "Drain"
    },
    "page_size": 10
  },
  "pagination": {
    "page": 1,
    "page_size": 10,
    "total_count": 512,
    "total_pages": 52,
    "next_page_url": "https://clinicaltrialsfind.com/api/v1/search.json?intervention=Drain&page=2&page_size=10",
    "previous_page_url": null
  },
  "source": "remote",
  "last_synced_at": "2026-09-06T20:53:22.200Z",
  "attribution": "Data derived from public ClinicalTrials.gov records. The official record at https://clinicaltrials.gov/ remains the source of truth for current availability, contacts, and full study details.",
  "notes": [
    "This endpoint exposes only public summary fields — no participant contact emails, phone numbers, or scraped investigator contact details.",
    "For contact information and full protocol detail, follow each trial's `official_url` to the ClinicalTrials.gov record.",
    "This API is a navigational aid. It does not provide medical advice, eligibility determinations, or compensation guarantees."
  ],
  "trials": [
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT02484287",
      "title": "Quality Control: A Prospective Analysis of EVD Effectiveness",
      "overall_status": "TERMINATED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "NA"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Catheter Related Infections"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "The Integra External Drainage Catheter.",
          "type": "DEVICE"
        },
        {
          "name": "The Ventriclear EVD Antibiotic Catheter",
          "type": "DEVICE"
        },
        {
          "name": "The Codman Bactiseal EVD Catheter Set",
          "type": "DEVICE"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "DEVICE"
      ],
      "sponsor": "University of Oklahoma",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": "75 Years",
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years to 75 Years"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 60,
      "start_date": "2016-04",
      "completion_date": "2018-07-12",
      "has_results": true,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2023-07-03",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-09-06T20:53:22.200Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Oklahoma City, Oklahoma",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Oklahoma City",
          "state": "Oklahoma"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02484287"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT03351348",
      "title": "Bupivacaine vs Placebo for Unilateral Mastectomy Surgical Site Post-operative Pain Control",
      "overall_status": "ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "PHASE3"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Breast Cancer"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Bupivacaine",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "patient-reported pain scores",
          "type": "BEHAVIORAL"
        },
        {
          "name": "saline",
          "type": "OTHER"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "DRUG",
        "BEHAVIORAL",
        "OTHER"
      ],
      "sponsor": "Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": null,
        "sex": "FEMALE",
        "summary": "18 Years and older · Female only"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 165,
      "start_date": "2017-11-16",
      "completion_date": "2027-11",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2026-08-04",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-09-06T20:53:22.200Z",
      "location_count": 7,
      "location_summary": "Basking Ridge, New Jersey • Middletown, New Jersey • Montvale, New Jersey + 4 more",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Basking Ridge",
          "state": "New Jersey"
        },
        {
          "city": "Middletown",
          "state": "New Jersey"
        },
        {
          "city": "Montvale",
          "state": "New Jersey"
        },
        {
          "city": "Commack",
          "state": "New York"
        },
        {
          "city": "East White Plains",
          "state": "New York"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03351348"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT00798746",
      "title": "Quality of Life After Esophagectomy for Cancer",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "OBSERVATIONAL",
      "phases": [],
      "conditions": [
        "Esophageal Cancer"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Telephone Questionnaire",
          "type": "BEHAVIORAL"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "BEHAVIORAL"
      ],
      "sponsor": "M.D. Anderson Cancer Center",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": null,
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years and older"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 88,
      "start_date": "2008-11",
      "completion_date": "2010-05",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2012-07-31",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-09-06T20:53:22.200Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Houston, Texas",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Houston",
          "state": "Texas"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT00798746"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT00577317",
      "title": "Flexitouch® Home Maintenance Therapy or Standard Home Maintenance Therapy in Treating Patients With Lower-Extremity Lymphedema Caused by Treatment for Cervical Cancer, Vulvar Cancer, or Endometrial Cancer",
      "overall_status": "TERMINATED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "PHASE3"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Lymphedema",
        "Stage 0 Cervical Cancer",
        "Stage 0 Uterine Corpus Cancer",
        "Stage 0 Vulvar Cancer",
        "Stage I Uterine Corpus Cancer",
        "Stage I Vulvar Cancer",
        "Stage IA Cervical Cancer",
        "Stage IB Cervical Cancer",
        "Stage II Uterine Corpus Cancer",
        "Stage II Vulvar Cancer",
        "Stage IIA Cervical Cancer",
        "Stage IIB Cervical Cancer",
        "Stage III Cervical Cancer",
        "Stage III Uterine Corpus Cancer",
        "Stage III Vulvar Cancer",
        "Stage IV Uterine Corpus Cancer",
        "Stage IVA Cervical Cancer",
        "Stage IVB Cervical Cancer",
        "Stage IVB Vulvar Cancer"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Management of Therapy Complications",
          "type": "PROCEDURE"
        },
        {
          "name": "Quality-of-Life Assessment",
          "type": "OTHER"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "PROCEDURE",
        "OTHER"
      ],
      "sponsor": "Gynecologic Oncology Group",
      "sponsor_class": "NETWORK",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": null,
        "sex": "FEMALE",
        "summary": "18 Years and older · Female only"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 2,
      "start_date": "2007-12",
      "completion_date": "2009-07-27",
      "has_results": true,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2021-06-23",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-09-06T20:53:22.200Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Philadelphia, Pennsylvania",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Philadelphia",
          "state": "Pennsylvania"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT00577317"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT02276040",
      "title": "Serum Levels of Bupivacaine in Autotransfusion Drains Following Total Joint Arthroplasty",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "OBSERVATIONAL",
      "phases": [],
      "conditions": [
        "Knee Pain Arthritis"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "periarticular bupivicaine and liposomal bupivicaine",
          "type": "DRUG"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "DRUG"
      ],
      "sponsor": "OrthoCarolina Research Institute, Inc.",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": null,
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years and older"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 26,
      "start_date": "2014-10",
      "completion_date": "2017-06-30",
      "has_results": true,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2017-11-30",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-09-06T20:53:22.200Z",
      "location_count": 4,
      "location_summary": "Charlotte, North Carolina",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Charlotte",
          "state": "North Carolina"
        },
        {
          "city": "Charlotte",
          "state": "North Carolina"
        },
        {
          "city": "Charlotte",
          "state": "North Carolina"
        },
        {
          "city": "Charlotte",
          "state": "North Carolina"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02276040"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT03949140",
      "title": "Laser Hair Removal for Treatment of Pilonidal Disease",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "NA"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Pilonidal Disease"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Laser hair removal",
          "type": "PROCEDURE"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "PROCEDURE"
      ],
      "sponsor": "University of Wisconsin, Madison",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "13 Years",
        "maximum_age": "35 Years",
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "13 Years to 35 Years"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 22,
      "start_date": "2019-02-18",
      "completion_date": "2021-10-30",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2021-12-17",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-09-06T20:53:22.200Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Madison, Wisconsin",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Madison",
          "state": "Wisconsin"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03949140"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT04001985",
      "title": "Nasogastric Tube Clamping Trial vs. Immediate Removal",
      "overall_status": "UNKNOWN",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "NA"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Small Bowel Obstruction",
        "Ileus"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "No clamp trial",
          "type": "OTHER"
        },
        {
          "name": "Clamp trial",
          "type": "OTHER"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "OTHER"
      ],
      "sponsor": "University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": null,
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years and older"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 150,
      "start_date": "2019-10-15",
      "completion_date": "2020-09-20",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2019-09-30",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-09-06T20:53:22.200Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Peoria, Illinois",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Peoria",
          "state": "Illinois"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04001985"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT01551550",
      "title": "Shunt Tube Exposure Prevention Study",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "NA"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Glaucoma"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "GDD",
          "type": "PROCEDURE"
        },
        {
          "name": "Amniotic Membrane Graft",
          "type": "PROCEDURE"
        },
        {
          "name": "Pericardial Graft",
          "type": "PROCEDURE"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "PROCEDURE"
      ],
      "sponsor": "BioTissue Holdings, Inc",
      "sponsor_class": "INDUSTRY",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "21 Years",
        "maximum_age": null,
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "21 Years and older"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 82,
      "start_date": "2013-06",
      "completion_date": "2019-08-03",
      "has_results": true,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2022-05-18",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-09-06T20:53:22.200Z",
      "location_count": 4,
      "location_summary": "Miami, Florida • New York, New York",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Miami",
          "state": "Florida"
        },
        {
          "city": "New York",
          "state": "New York"
        },
        {
          "city": "New York",
          "state": "New York"
        },
        {
          "city": "New York",
          "state": "New York"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT01551550"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT01549002",
      "title": "Efficacy of Intranasal Fentanyl at Reducing Pain During Abscess Incision and Drainage (I&D) in Children",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "PHASE3"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Abscess",
        "Pain"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Intranasal Fentanyl",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "Intravenous Morphine",
          "type": "DRUG"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "DRUG"
      ],
      "sponsor": "Columbia University",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "4 Years",
        "maximum_age": "18 Years",
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "4 Years to 18 Years"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 20,
      "start_date": "2012-01",
      "completion_date": "2013-04",
      "has_results": true,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2019-04-30",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-09-06T20:53:22.200Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "New York, New York",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "New York",
          "state": "New York"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT01549002"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT01111877",
      "title": "Natural History Study of Incidence of Otorrhea Following Tympanostomy Tube Insertion in Children 6 Months to 12 Years",
      "overall_status": "TERMINATED",
      "study_type": "OBSERVATIONAL",
      "phases": [],
      "conditions": [
        "Otorrhea"
      ],
      "interventions": [],
      "intervention_types": [],
      "sponsor": "Alcon Research",
      "sponsor_class": "INDUSTRY",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "6 Months",
        "maximum_age": "12 Years",
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "6 Months to 12 Years"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 1389,
      "start_date": "2010-05",
      "completion_date": "2011-11",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2012-02-02",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-09-06T20:53:22.200Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Fort Worth, Texas",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Fort Worth",
          "state": "Texas"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT01111877"
    }
  ]
}