{
  "api_version": "1",
  "request": {
    "url": "https://clinicaltrialsfind.com/api/v1/search.json?intervention=Drain&page=22",
    "query": {
      "intervention": "Drain",
      "page": 22
    },
    "page_size": 10
  },
  "pagination": {
    "page": 22,
    "page_size": 10,
    "total_count": 517,
    "total_pages": 52,
    "next_page_url": "https://clinicaltrialsfind.com/api/v1/search.json?intervention=Drain&page=23&page_size=10",
    "previous_page_url": "https://clinicaltrialsfind.com/api/v1/search.json?intervention=Drain&page=21&page_size=10"
  },
  "source": "remote",
  "last_synced_at": "2026-10-25T23:45:23.953Z",
  "attribution": "Data derived from public ClinicalTrials.gov records. The official record at https://clinicaltrials.gov/ remains the source of truth for current availability, contacts, and full study details.",
  "notes": [
    "This endpoint exposes only public summary fields — no participant contact emails, phone numbers, or scraped investigator contact details.",
    "For contact information and full protocol detail, follow each trial's `official_url` to the ClinicalTrials.gov record.",
    "This API is a navigational aid. It does not provide medical advice, eligibility determinations, or compensation guarantees."
  ],
  "trials": [
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT06411431",
      "title": "Early Chest Tube Removal After Surgery for Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax: A Randomized Controlled Trial",
      "overall_status": "RECRUITING",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "NA"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Early Chest Tube Removal",
          "type": "PROCEDURE"
        },
        {
          "name": "Standard Chest Tube Removal",
          "type": "PROCEDURE"
        },
        {
          "name": "Apical Chest Tube",
          "type": "DEVICE"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "PROCEDURE",
        "DEVICE"
      ],
      "sponsor": "Swedish Medical Center",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": null,
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years and older"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 200,
      "start_date": "2023-10-03",
      "completion_date": "2027-12",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2025-05-16",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-10-25T23:45:23.953Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Seattle, Washington",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Seattle",
          "state": "Washington"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06411431"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT01085929",
      "title": "Incision and Drainage Versus Needle Aspiration in Soft Tissue Abscesses",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "PHASE3"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Abscess",
        "Cellulitis"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Incision and Drainage",
          "type": "PROCEDURE"
        },
        {
          "name": "Ultrasound Guided Aspiration",
          "type": "PROCEDURE"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "PROCEDURE"
      ],
      "sponsor": "University of Massachusetts, Worcester",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": null,
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years and older"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 101,
      "start_date": "2008-08",
      "completion_date": "2009-12",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2010-03-12",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-10-25T23:45:23.953Z",
      "location_count": 2,
      "location_summary": "Boston, Massachusetts • Worcester, Massachusetts",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Boston",
          "state": "Massachusetts"
        },
        {
          "city": "Worcester",
          "state": "Massachusetts"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT01085929"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT03897959",
      "title": "COMPARISON OF KOHLI AND FOLEY CATHETERS IN SUPRAPUBIC CATHETER PATIENTS",
      "overall_status": "UNKNOWN",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "NA"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Catheter Infection",
        "Complications; Catheter"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Kohli vs Foley catheter",
          "type": "DEVICE"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "DEVICE"
      ],
      "sponsor": "Nellie Medical, LLC",
      "sponsor_class": "INDUSTRY",
      "healthy_volunteers": true,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": null,
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years and older"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 30,
      "start_date": "2019-03-03",
      "completion_date": "2020-05-30",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2019-04-01",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-10-25T23:45:23.953Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Wellesley, Massachusetts",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Wellesley",
          "state": "Massachusetts"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03897959"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT06906029",
      "title": "Abdominal aBscess Catheter Sclerotherapy (ABCS)",
      "overall_status": "ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "PHASE1",
        "PHASE2"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Abdominal Abscess"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Catheter Sclerotherapy",
          "type": "DRUG"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "DRUG"
      ],
      "sponsor": "University of Alabama at Birmingham",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": null,
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years and older"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 60,
      "start_date": "2025-12-21",
      "completion_date": "2028-07",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2026-09-24",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-10-25T23:45:23.953Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Birmingham, Alabama",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Birmingham",
          "state": "Alabama"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06906029"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT01799018",
      "title": "Role of Proteomics and Metallomics in Cerebral Vasospasm Following Subarachnoid Hemorrhage",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "OBSERVATIONAL",
      "phases": [],
      "conditions": [
        "Subarachnoid Hemorrhage",
        "Cerebral Vasospasm",
        "Hydrocephalus"
      ],
      "interventions": [],
      "intervention_types": [],
      "sponsor": "State University of New York - Upstate Medical University",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": "89 Years",
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years to 89 Years"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 40,
      "start_date": "2011-04",
      "completion_date": "2013-06",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2014-11-20",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-10-25T23:45:23.953Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Syracuse, New York",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Syracuse",
          "state": "New York"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT01799018"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT05975372",
      "title": "Blossom® Smart Expander Device for Tissue Expander/Implant-Based Breast Reconstruction",
      "overall_status": "RECRUITING",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "NA"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Tissue Expansion",
        "Implant Based Breast Reconstruction"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Blossom tissue expander",
          "type": "DEVICE"
        },
        {
          "name": "Standard tissue expansion",
          "type": "DEVICE"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "DEVICE"
      ],
      "sponsor": "Stanford University",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": true,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": "65 Years",
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years to 65 Years"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 20,
      "start_date": "2023-11-17",
      "completion_date": "2028-07",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2026-06-30",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-10-25T23:45:23.953Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Palo Alto, California",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Palo Alto",
          "state": "California"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05975372"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT03178734",
      "title": "Foley Catheter vs a Self-contained Valved Urinary Catheter",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "NA"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Catheter-Related Infections",
        "Urinary Tract Infections",
        "Urogynecologic Surgery"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Foley Catheter vs Self-Contained Valved Catheter",
          "type": "DEVICE"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "DEVICE"
      ],
      "sponsor": "charbel salamon",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": null,
        "sex": "FEMALE",
        "summary": "18 Years and older · Female only"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 100,
      "start_date": "2016-07-22",
      "completion_date": "2019-06-30",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2020-07-28",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-10-25T23:45:23.953Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Morristown, New Jersey",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Morristown",
          "state": "New Jersey"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03178734"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT06052956",
      "title": "Efficacy of Methylene Blue Photodynamic Therapy for Treatment of Deep Tissue Abscesses",
      "overall_status": "NOT_YET_RECRUITING",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "PHASE2"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Abscess"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Methylene Blue",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "Lipid Emulsion",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "Insertion of optical fiber",
          "type": "DEVICE"
        },
        {
          "name": "Laser Illumination (pre-defined dose)",
          "type": "DEVICE"
        },
        {
          "name": "Optical Spectroscopy Measurement",
          "type": "DEVICE"
        },
        {
          "name": "Laser Illumination (patient-specific dose)",
          "type": "DEVICE"
        },
        {
          "name": "Standard of care abscess drainage",
          "type": "PROCEDURE"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "DRUG",
        "DEVICE",
        "PROCEDURE"
      ],
      "sponsor": "University of Rochester",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": null,
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years and older"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 120,
      "start_date": "2026-07-15",
      "completion_date": "2031-06-30",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2026-02-10",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-10-25T23:45:23.953Z",
      "location_count": 2,
      "location_summary": "Rochester, New York",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Rochester",
          "state": "New York"
        },
        {
          "city": "Rochester",
          "state": "New York"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06052956"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT07791264",
      "title": "FPS-ZM1 With or Without Dexamethasone for Controlling Post Operative Cerebral Edema in Patients With Glioblastoma",
      "overall_status": "NOT_YET_RECRUITING",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "PHASE1"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Glioblastoma",
        "Malignant Glioma",
        "Recurrent Glioblastoma",
        "Recurrent Malignant Glioma"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Biospecimen Collection",
          "type": "PROCEDURE"
        },
        {
          "name": "Computed Tomography",
          "type": "PROCEDURE"
        },
        {
          "name": "Dexamethasone",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "Invasive Procedure",
          "type": "PROCEDURE"
        },
        {
          "name": "Magnetic Resonance Imaging",
          "type": "PROCEDURE"
        },
        {
          "name": "RAGE Antagonist FPS-ZM1",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "Resection",
          "type": "PROCEDURE"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "PROCEDURE",
        "DRUG"
      ],
      "sponsor": "City of Hope Medical Center",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": null,
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years and older"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 24,
      "start_date": "2027-02-17",
      "completion_date": "2028-08-28",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2026-08-27",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-10-25T23:45:23.953Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Duarte, California",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Duarte",
          "state": "California"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07791264"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT03057132",
      "title": "Use of 3M Cavilon Advanced Skin Protectant in the Management of Damaged Skin Around an Ostomy, Drain or Fistula",
      "overall_status": "TERMINATED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "NA"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Ostomy"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Cavilon Advanced Skin Protectant",
          "type": "DEVICE"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "DEVICE"
      ],
      "sponsor": "Solventum US LLC",
      "sponsor_class": "INDUSTRY",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": null,
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years and older"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 1,
      "start_date": "2016-11",
      "completion_date": "2017-02",
      "has_results": true,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2024-12-02",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-10-25T23:45:23.953Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Philadelphia, Pennsylvania",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Philadelphia",
          "state": "Pennsylvania"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03057132"
    }
  ]
}