{
  "api_version": "1",
  "request": {
    "url": "https://clinicaltrialsfind.com/api/v1/search.json?intervention=Drains",
    "query": {
      "intervention": "Drains"
    },
    "page_size": 10
  },
  "pagination": {
    "page": 1,
    "page_size": 10,
    "total_count": 177,
    "total_pages": 18,
    "next_page_url": "https://clinicaltrialsfind.com/api/v1/search.json?intervention=Drains&page=2&page_size=10",
    "previous_page_url": null
  },
  "source": "remote",
  "last_synced_at": "2026-09-08T04:59:53.389Z",
  "attribution": "Data derived from public ClinicalTrials.gov records. The official record at https://clinicaltrials.gov/ remains the source of truth for current availability, contacts, and full study details.",
  "notes": [
    "This endpoint exposes only public summary fields — no participant contact emails, phone numbers, or scraped investigator contact details.",
    "For contact information and full protocol detail, follow each trial's `official_url` to the ClinicalTrials.gov record.",
    "This API is a navigational aid. It does not provide medical advice, eligibility determinations, or compensation guarantees."
  ],
  "trials": [
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT02484287",
      "title": "Quality Control: A Prospective Analysis of EVD Effectiveness",
      "overall_status": "TERMINATED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "NA"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Catheter Related Infections"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "The Integra External Drainage Catheter.",
          "type": "DEVICE"
        },
        {
          "name": "The Ventriclear EVD Antibiotic Catheter",
          "type": "DEVICE"
        },
        {
          "name": "The Codman Bactiseal EVD Catheter Set",
          "type": "DEVICE"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "DEVICE"
      ],
      "sponsor": "University of Oklahoma",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": "75 Years",
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years to 75 Years"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 60,
      "start_date": "2016-04",
      "completion_date": "2018-07-12",
      "has_results": true,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2023-07-03",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-09-08T04:59:53.389Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Oklahoma City, Oklahoma",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Oklahoma City",
          "state": "Oklahoma"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02484287"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT03351348",
      "title": "Bupivacaine vs Placebo for Unilateral Mastectomy Surgical Site Post-operative Pain Control",
      "overall_status": "ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "PHASE3"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Breast Cancer"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Bupivacaine",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "patient-reported pain scores",
          "type": "BEHAVIORAL"
        },
        {
          "name": "saline",
          "type": "OTHER"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "DRUG",
        "BEHAVIORAL",
        "OTHER"
      ],
      "sponsor": "Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": null,
        "sex": "FEMALE",
        "summary": "18 Years and older · Female only"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 165,
      "start_date": "2017-11-16",
      "completion_date": "2027-11",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2026-08-04",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-09-08T04:59:53.389Z",
      "location_count": 7,
      "location_summary": "Basking Ridge, New Jersey • Middletown, New Jersey • Montvale, New Jersey + 4 more",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Basking Ridge",
          "state": "New Jersey"
        },
        {
          "city": "Middletown",
          "state": "New Jersey"
        },
        {
          "city": "Montvale",
          "state": "New Jersey"
        },
        {
          "city": "Commack",
          "state": "New York"
        },
        {
          "city": "East White Plains",
          "state": "New York"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03351348"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT02276040",
      "title": "Serum Levels of Bupivacaine in Autotransfusion Drains Following Total Joint Arthroplasty",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "OBSERVATIONAL",
      "phases": [],
      "conditions": [
        "Knee Pain Arthritis"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "periarticular bupivicaine and liposomal bupivicaine",
          "type": "DRUG"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "DRUG"
      ],
      "sponsor": "OrthoCarolina Research Institute, Inc.",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": null,
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years and older"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 26,
      "start_date": "2014-10",
      "completion_date": "2017-06-30",
      "has_results": true,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2017-11-30",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-09-08T04:59:53.389Z",
      "location_count": 4,
      "location_summary": "Charlotte, North Carolina",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Charlotte",
          "state": "North Carolina"
        },
        {
          "city": "Charlotte",
          "state": "North Carolina"
        },
        {
          "city": "Charlotte",
          "state": "North Carolina"
        },
        {
          "city": "Charlotte",
          "state": "North Carolina"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02276040"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT04001985",
      "title": "Nasogastric Tube Clamping Trial vs. Immediate Removal",
      "overall_status": "UNKNOWN",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "NA"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Small Bowel Obstruction",
        "Ileus"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "No clamp trial",
          "type": "OTHER"
        },
        {
          "name": "Clamp trial",
          "type": "OTHER"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "OTHER"
      ],
      "sponsor": "University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": null,
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years and older"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 150,
      "start_date": "2019-10-15",
      "completion_date": "2020-09-20",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2019-09-30",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-09-08T04:59:53.389Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Peoria, Illinois",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Peoria",
          "state": "Illinois"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04001985"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT07246629",
      "title": "Lumbar Drain With Intrathecal Nicardipine in Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage",
      "overall_status": "NOT_YET_RECRUITING",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "PHASE4"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Subarachnoid Hemorrhage"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Normal Saline",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "Nicardipine",
          "type": "DRUG"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "DRUG"
      ],
      "sponsor": "Wake Forest University Health Sciences",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": null,
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years and older"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 214,
      "start_date": "2026-09",
      "completion_date": "2027-03",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2026-07-30",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-09-08T04:59:53.389Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Park Ridge, Illinois",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Park Ridge",
          "state": "Illinois"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07246629"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT03696043",
      "title": "External Ventricular Drain Placement Stealth Study",
      "overall_status": "TERMINATED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "NA"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "External Ventricular Drain",
        "Intracranial Pressure"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Axium Steatlh Image Guidance",
          "type": "OTHER"
        },
        {
          "name": "EVD placement",
          "type": "OTHER"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "OTHER"
      ],
      "sponsor": "University of Wisconsin, Madison",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": "88 Years",
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years to 88 Years"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 31,
      "start_date": "2018-08-15",
      "completion_date": "2026-03-12",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2026-03-16",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-09-08T04:59:53.389Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Madison, Wisconsin",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Madison",
          "state": "Wisconsin"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03696043"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT04410146",
      "title": "The SQUID Trial for the Embolization of the Middle Meningeal Artery for Treatment of Chronic Subdural Hematoma (STEM)",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "NA"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Subdural Hematoma, Chronic"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "SQUID Embolization",
          "type": "DEVICE"
        },
        {
          "name": "SQUID Embolization and Surgical Evacuation",
          "type": "DEVICE"
        },
        {
          "name": "Surgical Evacuation",
          "type": "PROCEDURE"
        },
        {
          "name": "Standard Medical Management",
          "type": "OTHER"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "DEVICE",
        "PROCEDURE",
        "OTHER"
      ],
      "sponsor": "Balt USA",
      "sponsor_class": "INDUSTRY",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "30 Years",
        "maximum_age": null,
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "30 Years and older"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 319,
      "start_date": "2020-11-01",
      "completion_date": "2024-05-23",
      "has_results": true,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2026-06-04",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-09-08T04:59:53.389Z",
      "location_count": 25,
      "location_summary": "Phoenix, Arizona • Tucson, Arizona • Riverside, California + 21 more",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Phoenix",
          "state": "Arizona"
        },
        {
          "city": "Tucson",
          "state": "Arizona"
        },
        {
          "city": "Riverside",
          "state": "California"
        },
        {
          "city": "Santa Barbara",
          "state": "California"
        },
        {
          "city": "Thousand Oaks",
          "state": "California"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04410146"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT01613651",
      "title": "Robotic Assisted Laparoscopic Prostatectomy With or Without Pelvic Drain Placement in Reducing Adverse Events After Surgery in Patients With Prostate Cancer",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "PHASE3"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Perioperative/Postoperative Complications",
        "Prostate Cancer"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery",
          "type": "PROCEDURE"
        },
        {
          "name": "questionnaire administration",
          "type": "OTHER"
        },
        {
          "name": "intraoperative complication management/prevention",
          "type": "OTHER"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "PROCEDURE",
        "OTHER"
      ],
      "sponsor": "City of Hope Medical Center",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": null,
        "sex": "MALE",
        "summary": "18 Years and older · Male only"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 191,
      "start_date": "2012-08-24",
      "completion_date": "2017-09-11",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2017-09-14",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-09-08T04:59:53.389Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Duarte, California",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Duarte",
          "state": "California"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT01613651"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT07042048",
      "title": "Placing External Ventricular Drains Using Assistive Augmented Reality or Image-Based Localization",
      "overall_status": "NOT_YET_RECRUITING",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "NA"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "ICH - Intracerebral Hemorrhage",
        "IVH- Intraventricular Hemorrhage",
        "TBI Traumatic Brain Injury"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "EVD placement - image-guidance assisted",
          "type": "DEVICE"
        },
        {
          "name": "EVD placement - AR assisted",
          "type": "DEVICE"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "DEVICE"
      ],
      "sponsor": "The Cooper Health System",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": null,
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years and older"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 50,
      "start_date": "2025-07-01",
      "completion_date": "2026-03-31",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2025-06-27",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-09-08T04:59:53.389Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Camden, New Jersey",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Camden",
          "state": "New Jersey"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07042048"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT03113526",
      "title": "Neck Drains for SLNDs",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "NA"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Neck Disease, Head and Neck Cancer"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "remove drain",
          "type": "PROCEDURE"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "PROCEDURE"
      ],
      "sponsor": "University of California, San Francisco",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": null,
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years and older"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 53,
      "start_date": "2015-12-01",
      "completion_date": "2017-01-11",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2017-12-08",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-09-08T04:59:53.389Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "San Francisco, California",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "San Francisco",
          "state": "California"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03113526"
    }
  ]
}