{
  "api_version": "1",
  "request": {
    "url": "https://clinicaltrialsfind.com/api/v1/search.json?intervention=Reinforcement+for+the+abstinence+of+smoking",
    "query": {
      "intervention": "Reinforcement for the abstinence of smoking"
    },
    "page_size": 10
  },
  "pagination": {
    "page": 1,
    "page_size": 10,
    "total_count": 9,
    "total_pages": 1,
    "next_page_url": null,
    "previous_page_url": null
  },
  "source": "remote",
  "last_synced_at": "2026-09-30T14:45:55.041Z",
  "attribution": "Data derived from public ClinicalTrials.gov records. The official record at https://clinicaltrials.gov/ remains the source of truth for current availability, contacts, and full study details.",
  "notes": [
    "This endpoint exposes only public summary fields — no participant contact emails, phone numbers, or scraped investigator contact details.",
    "For contact information and full protocol detail, follow each trial's `official_url` to the ClinicalTrials.gov record.",
    "This API is a navigational aid. It does not provide medical advice, eligibility determinations, or compensation guarantees."
  ],
  "trials": [
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT00807742",
      "title": "Contingency Management for Smoking in Substance Abusers",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "NA"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Substance Abuse"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Nicotine Replacement Treatment (NRT)",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "Brief Advice",
          "type": "BEHAVIORAL"
        },
        {
          "name": "Contingency Management",
          "type": "BEHAVIORAL"
        },
        {
          "name": "Non-Contingent Reinforcement",
          "type": "BEHAVIORAL"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "DRUG",
        "BEHAVIORAL"
      ],
      "sponsor": "Brown University",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": null,
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years and older"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 340,
      "start_date": "2008-10",
      "completion_date": "2014-04",
      "has_results": true,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2019-01-23",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-09-30T14:45:55.041Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Providence, Rhode Island",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Providence",
          "state": "Rhode Island"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT00807742"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT03978442",
      "title": "CPT-SMART for Treatment of PTSD and Cigarette Smoking",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "PHASE4"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Smoking",
        "Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Smoking Cessation Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)",
          "type": "BEHAVIORAL"
        },
        {
          "name": "Bupropion",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "Cognitive Processing Therapy",
          "type": "BEHAVIORAL"
        },
        {
          "name": "Smoking Abstinence Reinforcement Therapy",
          "type": "BEHAVIORAL"
        },
        {
          "name": "Yoked Contingency Management",
          "type": "BEHAVIORAL"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "BEHAVIORAL",
        "DRUG"
      ],
      "sponsor": "VA Office of Research and Development",
      "sponsor_class": "FED",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": "80 Years",
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years to 80 Years"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 115,
      "start_date": "2019-11-07",
      "completion_date": "2025-10-08",
      "has_results": true,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2026-07-02",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-09-30T14:45:55.041Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Durham, North Carolina",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Durham",
          "state": "North Carolina"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03978442"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT02245308",
      "title": "Abstinence Reinforcement Therapy (ART) for Homeless Veteran Smokers",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "PHASE4"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Tobacco Use Disorder",
        "Homelessness"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Nicotine Patches",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "mobile contingency management (mCM)",
          "type": "BEHAVIORAL"
        },
        {
          "name": "Smoking cessation counseling",
          "type": "BEHAVIORAL"
        },
        {
          "name": "Nicotine rescue method",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "Bupropion",
          "type": "DRUG"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "DRUG",
        "BEHAVIORAL"
      ],
      "sponsor": "VA Office of Research and Development",
      "sponsor_class": "FED",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": "70 Years",
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years to 70 Years"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 133,
      "start_date": "2014-10-01",
      "completion_date": "2018-09-28",
      "has_results": true,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2022-01-04",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-09-30T14:45:55.041Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Durham, North Carolina",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Durham",
          "state": "North Carolina"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02245308"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT07714200",
      "title": "Abstinence Reinforcement Therapy for Veterans Who Smoke Tobacco and Are Experiencing Homelessness",
      "overall_status": "NOT_YET_RECRUITING",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "NA"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Tobacco Use Disorder"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Smoking Cessation",
          "type": "BEHAVIORAL"
        },
        {
          "name": "Nicotine Replacement Therapy",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "Bupropion",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "Varenicline",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "Mobile Contingency Management",
          "type": "BEHAVIORAL"
        },
        {
          "name": "Clinic-Based Smoking Cessation Counseling",
          "type": "BEHAVIORAL"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "BEHAVIORAL",
        "DRUG"
      ],
      "sponsor": "VA Office of Research and Development",
      "sponsor_class": "FED",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": null,
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years and older"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 120,
      "start_date": "2027-03-01",
      "completion_date": "2030-09-01",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2026-07-20",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-09-30T14:45:55.041Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Durham, North Carolina",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Durham",
          "state": "North Carolina"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07714200"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT02513069",
      "title": "Mobile Contingency Management for Smoking Cessation in Returning US Veterans",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "NA"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Smoking",
        "Veterans"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Nicotine gum",
          "type": "OTHER"
        },
        {
          "name": "mobile contingency management",
          "type": "BEHAVIORAL"
        },
        {
          "name": "Telephone counseling",
          "type": "BEHAVIORAL"
        },
        {
          "name": "Nicotine patch",
          "type": "OTHER"
        },
        {
          "name": "Nicotine lozenge",
          "type": "OTHER"
        },
        {
          "name": "Smart phone",
          "type": "OTHER"
        },
        {
          "name": "Carbon monoxide monitor",
          "type": "OTHER"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "OTHER",
        "BEHAVIORAL"
      ],
      "sponsor": "Duke University",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": null,
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years and older"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 291,
      "start_date": "2015-01",
      "completion_date": "2019-02-14",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2020-02-21",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-09-30T14:45:55.041Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Durham, North Carolina",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Durham",
          "state": "North Carolina"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02513069"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT00926939",
      "title": "Technological Innovations in Behavioral Treatments for Cigarette Smoking",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "NA"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Cigarette Smoking"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Reinforcement for the abstinence of smoking",
          "type": "BEHAVIORAL"
        },
        {
          "name": "Reinforcement for submission of videos with CO sample",
          "type": "BEHAVIORAL"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "BEHAVIORAL"
      ],
      "sponsor": "National Development and Research Institutes, Inc.",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": null,
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years and older"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 96,
      "start_date": "2009-06",
      "completion_date": "2014-08",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2015-04-14",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-09-30T14:45:55.041Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "New York, New York",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "New York",
          "state": "New York"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT00926939"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT06088498",
      "title": "App for Reducing Cravings to Smoke",
      "overall_status": "ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "PHASE2"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Smoking"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Updating Existing Smartphone App",
          "type": "BEHAVIORAL"
        },
        {
          "name": "Quitline Services",
          "type": "BEHAVIORAL"
        },
        {
          "name": "Quitline Services and Smartphone App",
          "type": "BEHAVIORAL"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "BEHAVIORAL"
      ],
      "sponsor": "H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": true,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": null,
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years and older"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 1051,
      "start_date": "2024-06-11",
      "completion_date": "2027-05-01",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2026-09-11",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-09-30T14:45:55.041Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Tampa, Florida",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Tampa",
          "state": "Florida"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06088498"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT02848586",
      "title": "Effects of E-cigarettes (ECIGs) on Pulmonary Inflammation and Behavior in HIV Infected Smokers",
      "overall_status": "TERMINATED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "NA"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Lung Inflammation",
        "HIV Seropositivity"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "ECIGS",
          "type": "OTHER"
        },
        {
          "name": "mobile contingency management (mCM)",
          "type": "BEHAVIORAL"
        },
        {
          "name": "Usual brand",
          "type": "OTHER"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "OTHER",
        "BEHAVIORAL"
      ],
      "sponsor": "Duke University",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": true,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": "64 Years",
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years to 64 Years"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 10,
      "start_date": "2016-08",
      "completion_date": "2018-05-08",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2023-07-11",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-09-30T14:45:55.041Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Durham, North Carolina",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Durham",
          "state": "North Carolina"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02848586"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT00948649",
      "title": "Effects of Chantix on Relapse Prevention for Smoking Cessation",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "PHASE4"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Nicotine Dependence"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Placebo",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "Varenicline",
          "type": "DRUG"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "DRUG"
      ],
      "sponsor": "University of Pennsylvania",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": true,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": "65 Years",
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years to 65 Years"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 62,
      "start_date": "2006-09",
      "completion_date": "2007-09",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2010-08-17",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-09-30T14:45:55.041Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Philadelphia, Pennsylvania",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Philadelphia",
          "state": "Pennsylvania"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT00948649"
    }
  ]
}