{
  "api_version": "1",
  "request": {
    "url": "https://clinicaltrialsfind.com/api/v1/search.json?intervention=Water+exchange",
    "query": {
      "intervention": "Water exchange"
    },
    "page_size": 10
  },
  "pagination": {
    "page": 1,
    "page_size": 10,
    "total_count": 21,
    "total_pages": 3,
    "next_page_url": "https://clinicaltrialsfind.com/api/v1/search.json?intervention=Water+exchange&page=2&page_size=10",
    "previous_page_url": null
  },
  "source": "remote",
  "last_synced_at": "2026-09-06T14:12:46.115Z",
  "attribution": "Data derived from public ClinicalTrials.gov records. The official record at https://clinicaltrials.gov/ remains the source of truth for current availability, contacts, and full study details.",
  "notes": [
    "This endpoint exposes only public summary fields — no participant contact emails, phone numbers, or scraped investigator contact details.",
    "For contact information and full protocol detail, follow each trial's `official_url` to the ClinicalTrials.gov record.",
    "This API is a navigational aid. It does not provide medical advice, eligibility determinations, or compensation guarantees."
  ],
  "trials": [
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT01482546",
      "title": "Comparing Clinical Performance of Novice Trainee Endoscopists Using Conventional Air Insufflation Versus Warm Water Infusion Colonoscopy",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "OBSERVATIONAL",
      "phases": [],
      "conditions": [
        "Colonoscopy Education"
      ],
      "interventions": [],
      "intervention_types": [],
      "sponsor": "University of California, Davis",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": true,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": null,
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years and older"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 6,
      "start_date": "2012-05",
      "completion_date": "2016-09",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2017-06-27",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-09-06T14:12:46.115Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Sacramento, California",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Sacramento",
          "state": "California"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT01482546"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT01607255",
      "title": "Comparative Efficacy of Water & Indigo Carmine vs. Water or Air Method on Adenoma Detection Rate (ADR) - a Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "PHASE4"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Colorectal Neoplasms"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Indigo carmine",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "water (exchange) method",
          "type": "PROCEDURE"
        },
        {
          "name": "water (exchange) plus dye method",
          "type": "PROCEDURE"
        },
        {
          "name": "air method",
          "type": "PROCEDURE"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "DRUG",
        "PROCEDURE"
      ],
      "sponsor": "VA Office of Research and Development",
      "sponsor_class": "FED",
      "healthy_volunteers": true,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "45 Years",
        "maximum_age": "75 Years",
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "45 Years to 75 Years"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 480,
      "start_date": "2013-05-16",
      "completion_date": "2017-09-30",
      "has_results": true,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2019-01-15",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-09-06T14:12:46.115Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Sacramento, California",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Sacramento",
          "state": "California"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT01607255"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT04633174",
      "title": "Sous Vide Rewarming for Frostbitten Extremities",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "NA"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Frostbite",
        "Frostbite of Hand",
        "Frostbite of Foot"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Sous Vide Device (SVD)",
          "type": "DEVICE"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "DEVICE"
      ],
      "sponsor": "Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": null,
        "maximum_age": null,
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "Not listed"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 1,
      "start_date": "2021-01-14",
      "completion_date": "2021-05-01",
      "has_results": true,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2021-09-28",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-09-06T14:12:46.115Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Lebanon, New Hampshire",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Lebanon",
          "state": "New Hampshire"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04633174"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT02041507",
      "title": "Water-aided Colonoscopy vs Air Insufflation Colonoscopy in Colorectal Cancer Screening",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "NA"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Colorectal Cancer",
        "Colorectal Adenomas",
        "Colorectal Polyps",
        "Pain"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Air insufflation method.",
          "type": "OTHER"
        },
        {
          "name": "Water Immersion method.",
          "type": "OTHER"
        },
        {
          "name": "Water Exchange method.",
          "type": "OTHER"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "OTHER"
      ],
      "sponsor": "Presidio Ospedaliero Santa Barbara",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "50 Years",
        "maximum_age": "70 Years",
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "50 Years to 70 Years"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 1224,
      "start_date": "2014-02",
      "completion_date": "2016-04",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2016-04-13",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-09-06T14:12:46.115Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Los Angeles, California",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Los Angeles",
          "state": "California"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02041507"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT01954862",
      "title": "Comparison of Methods to Distend the Colon During Insertion: CO2, Air Insufflation, Water-aided Colonoscopy",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "NA"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Pain",
        "Colorectal Adenomas",
        "Colorectal Cancer"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Air Insufflation method.",
          "type": "OTHER"
        },
        {
          "name": "CO2 insufflation",
          "type": "OTHER"
        },
        {
          "name": "Water Immersion/CO2",
          "type": "OTHER"
        },
        {
          "name": "Water Exchange/CO2",
          "type": "OTHER"
        },
        {
          "name": "Water Immersion/AI",
          "type": "OTHER"
        },
        {
          "name": "Water Exchange/AI",
          "type": "OTHER"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "OTHER"
      ],
      "sponsor": "Presidio Ospedaliero Santa Barbara",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": "85 Years",
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years to 85 Years"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 624,
      "start_date": "2013-10",
      "completion_date": "2014-07",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2014-07-31",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-09-06T14:12:46.115Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Los Angeles, California",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Los Angeles",
          "state": "California"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT01954862"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT00235391",
      "title": "Expanded Access of Deferasirox to Patients With Congenital Disorders of Red Blood Cells and Chronic Iron Overload",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "PHASE3"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Thalassemia",
        "Sickle Cell Disease",
        "Diamond Blackfan Anemia",
        "Myelofibrosis"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Deferasirox",
          "type": "DRUG"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "DRUG"
      ],
      "sponsor": "Novartis Pharmaceuticals",
      "sponsor_class": "INDUSTRY",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "2 Years",
        "maximum_age": null,
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "2 Years and older"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 1683,
      "start_date": "2005-10",
      "completion_date": "2008-10",
      "has_results": true,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2011-06-07",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-09-06T14:12:46.115Z",
      "location_count": 27,
      "location_summary": "Little Rock, Arkansas • Berkeley, California • Orange, California + 23 more",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Little Rock",
          "state": "Arkansas"
        },
        {
          "city": "Berkeley",
          "state": "California"
        },
        {
          "city": "Orange",
          "state": "California"
        },
        {
          "city": "San Diego",
          "state": "California"
        },
        {
          "city": "Stanford",
          "state": "California"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT00235391"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT05280301",
      "title": "Multicenter Sous Vide Frostbite",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "NA"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Frostbite",
        "Frostbite of Hand",
        "Frostbite of Foot"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Sous Vide Device (SVD)",
          "type": "DEVICE"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "DEVICE"
      ],
      "sponsor": "Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": null,
        "maximum_age": null,
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "Not listed"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 7,
      "start_date": "2022-12-01",
      "completion_date": "2024-11-25",
      "has_results": true,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2025-12-30",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-09-06T14:12:46.115Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Lebanon, New Hampshire",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Lebanon",
          "state": "New Hampshire"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05280301"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT01894191",
      "title": "Comparing the Adenoma Detection Rate With Air Insufflation, Water Immersion and Water Exchange",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "NA"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Adenoma"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Air insufflation",
          "type": "PROCEDURE"
        },
        {
          "name": "water immersion",
          "type": "PROCEDURE"
        },
        {
          "name": "Water exchange",
          "type": "PROCEDURE"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "PROCEDURE"
      ],
      "sponsor": "Dalin Tzu Chi General Hospital",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "20 Years",
        "maximum_age": "80 Years",
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "20 Years to 80 Years"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 651,
      "start_date": "2013-05",
      "completion_date": "2015-12",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2016-06-28",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-09-06T14:12:46.115Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "North Hills, California",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "North Hills",
          "state": "California"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT01894191"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT03160859",
      "title": "Prospective RCT Of Water Exchange (WE) vs. WE Plus Cap-Assisted Colonoscopy",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "NA"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Unsedated Colonoscopy",
        "Water Exchange Colonoscopy",
        "Cap",
        "Colonoscopy Pain"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Control",
          "type": "OTHER"
        },
        {
          "name": "Study method",
          "type": "DEVICE"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "OTHER",
        "DEVICE"
      ],
      "sponsor": "VA Office of Research and Development",
      "sponsor_class": "FED",
      "healthy_volunteers": true,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "50 Years",
        "maximum_age": "80 Years",
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "50 Years to 80 Years"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 280,
      "start_date": "2018-06-08",
      "completion_date": "2022-10-28",
      "has_results": true,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2023-12-12",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-09-06T14:12:46.115Z",
      "location_count": 3,
      "location_summary": "Palo Alto, California • Sacramento, California • Sepulveda, California",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Palo Alto",
          "state": "California"
        },
        {
          "city": "Sacramento",
          "state": "California"
        },
        {
          "city": "Sepulveda",
          "state": "California"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03160859"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT02737514",
      "title": "Comparing the ADR With Air Insufflation, Water Immersion and Water Exchange During Two-endoscopist Colonoscopy",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "NA"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Adenoma"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Air insufflation",
          "type": "PROCEDURE"
        },
        {
          "name": "water immersion",
          "type": "PROCEDURE"
        },
        {
          "name": "water exchange",
          "type": "PROCEDURE"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "PROCEDURE"
      ],
      "sponsor": "Dalin Tzu Chi General Hospital",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "20 Years",
        "maximum_age": "80 Years",
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "20 Years to 80 Years"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 371,
      "start_date": "2015-12",
      "completion_date": "2020-02",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2020-05-29",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-09-06T14:12:46.115Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "North Hills, California",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "North Hills",
          "state": "California"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02737514"
    }
  ]
}