{
  "api_version": "1",
  "request": {
    "url": "https://clinicaltrialsfind.com/api/v1/search.json?intervention=insulin+pre-treatment&page=2",
    "query": {
      "intervention": "insulin pre-treatment",
      "page": 2
    },
    "page_size": 10
  },
  "pagination": {
    "page": 2,
    "page_size": 10,
    "total_count": 331,
    "total_pages": 34,
    "next_page_url": "https://clinicaltrialsfind.com/api/v1/search.json?intervention=insulin+pre-treatment&page=3&page_size=10",
    "previous_page_url": "https://clinicaltrialsfind.com/api/v1/search.json?intervention=insulin+pre-treatment&page=1&page_size=10"
  },
  "source": "remote",
  "last_synced_at": "2026-10-06T04:26:46.689Z",
  "attribution": "Data derived from public ClinicalTrials.gov records. The official record at https://clinicaltrials.gov/ remains the source of truth for current availability, contacts, and full study details.",
  "notes": [
    "This endpoint exposes only public summary fields — no participant contact emails, phone numbers, or scraped investigator contact details.",
    "For contact information and full protocol detail, follow each trial's `official_url` to the ClinicalTrials.gov record.",
    "This API is a navigational aid. It does not provide medical advice, eligibility determinations, or compensation guarantees."
  ],
  "trials": [
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT00665353",
      "title": "Pioglitazone Before Peginterferon and Ribavirin for Hepatitis C Infection in HIV/HCV-Coinfected Patients With Insulin Resistance",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "PHASE2"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "HIV-1 and Hepatitis C Co-Infection"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "pioglitazone",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "peginterferon",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "ribavirin",
          "type": "DRUG"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "DRUG"
      ],
      "sponsor": "Advancing Clinical Therapeutics Globally for HIV/AIDS and Other Infections",
      "sponsor_class": "NETWORK",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": null,
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years and older"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 19,
      "start_date": "2009-03",
      "completion_date": "2011-12",
      "has_results": true,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2018-10-12",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-10-06T04:26:46.689Z",
      "location_count": 8,
      "location_summary": "San Francisco, California • Chicago, Illinois • Newark, New Jersey + 4 more",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "San Francisco",
          "state": "California"
        },
        {
          "city": "Chicago",
          "state": "Illinois"
        },
        {
          "city": "Newark",
          "state": "New Jersey"
        },
        {
          "city": "New York",
          "state": "New York"
        },
        {
          "city": "New York",
          "state": "New York"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT00665353"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT04254380",
      "title": "Gan & Lee Evaluation of New Biosimilar for Type 1 Lispro",
      "overall_status": "WITHDRAWN",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "PHASE3"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Gan & Lee Insulin Lispro Injection",
          "type": "BIOLOGICAL"
        },
        {
          "name": "Humalog",
          "type": "BIOLOGICAL"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "BIOLOGICAL"
      ],
      "sponsor": "Gan and Lee Pharmaceuticals, USA",
      "sponsor_class": "INDUSTRY",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": "75 Years",
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years to 75 Years"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 0,
      "start_date": "2019-12-04",
      "completion_date": "2020-01-27",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2020-02-05",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-10-06T04:26:46.689Z",
      "location_count": 58,
      "location_summary": "Anaheim, California • Fresno, California • Los Angeles, California + 52 more",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Anaheim",
          "state": "California"
        },
        {
          "city": "Fresno",
          "state": "California"
        },
        {
          "city": "Los Angeles",
          "state": "California"
        },
        {
          "city": "Northridge",
          "state": "California"
        },
        {
          "city": "San Mateo",
          "state": "California"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04254380"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT01680341",
      "title": "Comparison of the Efficacy and Safety of Two Different Dose Adjustment Regimens for Insulin Degludec/Insulin Aspart in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Previously Treated With Insulin Glargine",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "PHASE3"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Diabetes",
        "Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "insulin degludec/insulin aspart",
          "type": "DRUG"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "DRUG"
      ],
      "sponsor": "Novo Nordisk A/S",
      "sponsor_class": "INDUSTRY",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": null,
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years and older"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 272,
      "start_date": "2012-08-31",
      "completion_date": "2013-08-22",
      "has_results": true,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2018-04-02",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-10-06T04:26:46.689Z",
      "location_count": 28,
      "location_summary": "Goodyear, Arizona • Anaheim, California • Greenbrae, California + 24 more",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Goodyear",
          "state": "Arizona"
        },
        {
          "city": "Anaheim",
          "state": "California"
        },
        {
          "city": "Greenbrae",
          "state": "California"
        },
        {
          "city": "San Diego",
          "state": "California"
        },
        {
          "city": "Spring Valley",
          "state": "California"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT01680341"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT03853590",
      "title": "Improvement of Insulin Resistance After Bariatric Surgery",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "NA"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Obesity",
        "Bariatric Surgery Candidate",
        "Insulin Tolerance"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Roux-en-Y gastric bypass",
          "type": "PROCEDURE"
        },
        {
          "name": "Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding",
          "type": "PROCEDURE"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "PROCEDURE"
      ],
      "sponsor": "Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": "65 Years",
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years to 65 Years"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 42,
      "start_date": "2010-02-25",
      "completion_date": "2015-05-01",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2019-02-25",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-10-06T04:26:46.689Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Boston, Massachusetts",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Boston",
          "state": "Massachusetts"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03853590"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT04075513",
      "title": "Comparison of Glucose Values and Variability Between TOUJEO and TRESIBA During Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Type 1 Diabetes Patients",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "PHASE4"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Insulin glargine, 300 U/ml",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "Insulin degludec, 100U/ml",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "Background therapy: Rapid acting insulin analogs",
          "type": "DRUG"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "DRUG"
      ],
      "sponsor": "Sanofi",
      "sponsor_class": "INDUSTRY",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": "70 Years",
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years to 70 Years"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 343,
      "start_date": "2019-10-09",
      "completion_date": "2021-09-16",
      "has_results": true,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2022-11-14",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-10-06T04:26:46.689Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Dallas, Texas",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Dallas",
          "state": "Texas"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04075513"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT04125082",
      "title": "A Study to Evaluate Time in Range in Type 2 Diabetics Using Afrezza® Plus Basal Insulin Compared to Multiple Daily Injections",
      "overall_status": "UNKNOWN",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "PHASE4"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Type 2 Diabetes Treated With Insulin"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Afrezza Inhalant Product",
          "type": "DRUG"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "DRUG"
      ],
      "sponsor": "Diabetes and Glandular Disease Clinic",
      "sponsor_class": "INDUSTRY",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": null,
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years and older"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 29,
      "start_date": "2019-02-27",
      "completion_date": "2020-03-15",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2020-01-30",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-10-06T04:26:46.689Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "San Antonio, Texas",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "San Antonio",
          "state": "Texas"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04125082"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT04567225",
      "title": "Early Basal Insulin Administration in Adult Diabetic Ketoacidosis Management",
      "overall_status": "TERMINATED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "PHASE4"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Diabetic Ketoacidosis",
        "Type 1 Diabetes",
        "Type 2 Diabetes"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Early Glargine",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "Late Glargine",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "IV insulin infusion",
          "type": "OTHER"
        },
        {
          "name": "IV fluid and electrolytes replacement",
          "type": "OTHER"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "DRUG",
        "OTHER"
      ],
      "sponsor": "The Cleveland Clinic",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": null,
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years and older"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 39,
      "start_date": "2020-10-01",
      "completion_date": "2021-08-27",
      "has_results": true,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2022-09-21",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-10-06T04:26:46.689Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Cleveland, Ohio",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Cleveland",
          "state": "Ohio"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04567225"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT05734313",
      "title": "Telemedicine-Delivered Unified Protocol for Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Anxiety and Depression",
      "overall_status": "RECRUITING",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "NA"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Diabetes",
        "Type 1 Diabetes"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Unified protocol for cognitive behavioral therapy (UP-CBT)",
          "type": "BEHAVIORAL"
        },
        {
          "name": "Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM)",
          "type": "DEVICE"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "BEHAVIORAL",
        "DEVICE"
      ],
      "sponsor": "Albert Einstein College of Medicine",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": "64 Years",
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years to 64 Years"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 94,
      "start_date": "2023-03-31",
      "completion_date": "2027-12",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2025-10-30",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-10-06T04:26:46.689Z",
      "location_count": 2,
      "location_summary": "Boston, Massachusetts • The Bronx, New York",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Boston",
          "state": "Massachusetts"
        },
        {
          "city": "The Bronx",
          "state": "New York"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05734313"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT04739371",
      "title": "Food Intake and Intra-Nasal Insulin for African American Adults (FIINAAL)",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "PHASE1"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Insulin"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Insulin, Regular, Human",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "Placebo",
          "type": "DRUG"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "DRUG"
      ],
      "sponsor": "Pennington Biomedical Research Center",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": true,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "45 Years",
        "maximum_age": "65 Years",
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "45 Years to 65 Years"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 40,
      "start_date": "2021-06-17",
      "completion_date": "2022-06-07",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2023-11-29",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-10-06T04:26:46.689Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Baton Rouge, Louisiana",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Baton Rouge",
          "state": "Louisiana"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04739371"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT02459899",
      "title": "Dose-ranging Study in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "PHASE2"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Placebo",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "Sotagliflozin",
          "type": "DRUG"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "DRUG"
      ],
      "sponsor": "Lexicon Pharmaceuticals",
      "sponsor_class": "INDUSTRY",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": null,
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years and older"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 141,
      "start_date": "2015-07",
      "completion_date": "2016-08",
      "has_results": true,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2020-02-12",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-10-06T04:26:46.689Z",
      "location_count": 17,
      "location_summary": "Concord, California • Ventura, California • Denver, Colorado + 14 more",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Concord",
          "state": "California"
        },
        {
          "city": "Ventura",
          "state": "California"
        },
        {
          "city": "Denver",
          "state": "Colorado"
        },
        {
          "city": "Jacksonville",
          "state": "Florida"
        },
        {
          "city": "Miami",
          "state": "Florida"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02459899"
    }
  ]
}