{
  "api_version": "1",
  "request": {
    "url": "https://clinicaltrialsfind.com/api/v1/search.json?intervention=normal+saline+placebo+%28for+bupivacaine%29",
    "query": {
      "intervention": "normal saline placebo (for bupivacaine)"
    },
    "page_size": 10
  },
  "pagination": {
    "page": 1,
    "page_size": 10,
    "total_count": 112,
    "total_pages": 12,
    "next_page_url": "https://clinicaltrialsfind.com/api/v1/search.json?intervention=normal+saline+placebo+%28for+bupivacaine%29&page=2&page_size=10",
    "previous_page_url": null
  },
  "source": "remote",
  "last_synced_at": "2026-10-09T02:48:34.468Z",
  "attribution": "Data derived from public ClinicalTrials.gov records. The official record at https://clinicaltrials.gov/ remains the source of truth for current availability, contacts, and full study details.",
  "notes": [
    "This endpoint exposes only public summary fields — no participant contact emails, phone numbers, or scraped investigator contact details.",
    "For contact information and full protocol detail, follow each trial's `official_url` to the ClinicalTrials.gov record.",
    "This API is a navigational aid. It does not provide medical advice, eligibility determinations, or compensation guarantees."
  ],
  "trials": [
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT02447965",
      "title": "Pilot Study: Rectus Sheath Blocks for Improving Abdominal Surgery Conditions",
      "overall_status": "TERMINATED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "NA"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Hernia",
        "Pain, Postoperative",
        "Abdominal Wall Relaxation After Rectus Sheath Block"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Bupivacaine",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "Normal Saline",
          "type": "DRUG"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "DRUG"
      ],
      "sponsor": "University of Arkansas",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": true,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": null,
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years and older"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 6,
      "start_date": "2016-01-01",
      "completion_date": "2016-12-01",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2017-07-21",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-10-09T02:48:34.468Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Little Rock, Arkansas",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Little Rock",
          "state": "Arkansas"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02447965"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT02762929",
      "title": "Evaluation of the Efficacy and Safety of Locally Administered HTX-011 for Postoperative Analgesia Following Bunionectomy",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "PHASE2"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Postoperative Pain",
        "Bunions"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "HTX-011A",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "Saline Placebo",
          "type": "BIOLOGICAL"
        },
        {
          "name": "HTX-011B",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "HTX-002",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "Bupivacaine HCl",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "HTX-009",
          "type": "DRUG"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "DRUG",
        "BIOLOGICAL"
      ],
      "sponsor": "Heron Therapeutics",
      "sponsor_class": "INDUSTRY",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": null,
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years and older"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 430,
      "start_date": "2016-05",
      "completion_date": "2017-03",
      "has_results": true,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2026-02-23",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-10-09T02:48:34.468Z",
      "location_count": 5,
      "location_summary": "Anaheim, California • Bakersfield, California • Pasadena, Maryland + 2 more",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Anaheim",
          "state": "California"
        },
        {
          "city": "Bakersfield",
          "state": "California"
        },
        {
          "city": "Pasadena",
          "state": "Maryland"
        },
        {
          "city": "Houston",
          "state": "Texas"
        },
        {
          "city": "San Antonio",
          "state": "Texas"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02762929"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT03015532",
      "title": "Total Knee Arthroplasty Infiltration Study for Postoperative Analgesia",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "PHASE2"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Postoperative Pain"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "HTX-011",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "Saline Placebo",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "Bupivicaine HCl",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "Ropivacaine",
          "type": "DRUG"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "DRUG"
      ],
      "sponsor": "Heron Therapeutics",
      "sponsor_class": "INDUSTRY",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": null,
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years and older"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 285,
      "start_date": "2017-01-13",
      "completion_date": "2018-05-16",
      "has_results": true,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2026-03-02",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-10-09T02:48:34.468Z",
      "location_count": 24,
      "location_summary": "Mobile, Alabama • Sheffield, Alabama • Phoenix, Arizona + 13 more",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Mobile",
          "state": "Alabama"
        },
        {
          "city": "Sheffield",
          "state": "Alabama"
        },
        {
          "city": "Phoenix",
          "state": "Arizona"
        },
        {
          "city": "Phoenix",
          "state": "Arizona"
        },
        {
          "city": "La Jolla",
          "state": "California"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03015532"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT04238598",
      "title": "Intra-articular Pulsed Radiofrequency Neuromodulation Versus Intra-articular Steroids for Painful Knee Osteoarthritis",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "NA"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Knee Osteoarthritis"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Pulse Radiofrequency",
          "type": "PROCEDURE"
        },
        {
          "name": "Standard of Care Intra- Articular Injection",
          "type": "PROCEDURE"
        },
        {
          "name": "Placebo Intra-Articular Injection",
          "type": "PROCEDURE"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "PROCEDURE"
      ],
      "sponsor": "Center For Interventional Pain and Spine",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": true,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": null,
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years and older"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 30,
      "start_date": "2019-10-08",
      "completion_date": "2021-09-01",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2023-03-30",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-10-09T02:48:34.468Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Exton, Pennsylvania",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Exton",
          "state": "Pennsylvania"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04238598"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT03743194",
      "title": "Pectoralis and Serratus Muscle Blocks",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "PHASE4"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Post Operative Pain Control"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Exparel 266 MG Per 20 ML Injection",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "Placebo",
          "type": "DRUG"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "DRUG"
      ],
      "sponsor": "The Cleveland Clinic",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": "85 Years",
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years to 85 Years"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 210,
      "start_date": "2021-12-14",
      "completion_date": "2022-03-14",
      "has_results": true,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2025-10-23",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-10-09T02:48:34.468Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Cleveland, Ohio",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Cleveland",
          "state": "Ohio"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03743194"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT06608277",
      "title": "Ketamine, SGB and Combination Treatment for TBI-associated Headache or PTSD",
      "overall_status": "RECRUITING",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "PHASE2"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Posttraumatic Headache",
        "Posttraumatic Stress Disorder"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Group A active comparator",
          "type": "PROCEDURE"
        },
        {
          "name": "Group B active comparator",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "Group C Experimental",
          "type": "COMBINATION_PRODUCT"
        },
        {
          "name": "Group D Placebo Comparator",
          "type": "OTHER"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "PROCEDURE",
        "DRUG",
        "COMBINATION_PRODUCT",
        "OTHER"
      ],
      "sponsor": "Northwestern University",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": null,
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years and older"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 175,
      "start_date": "2025-07-02",
      "completion_date": "2028-04-30",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2026-05-01",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-10-09T02:48:34.468Z",
      "location_count": 3,
      "location_summary": "Chicago, Illinois • Bethesda, Maryland • Fort Bragg, North Carolina",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Chicago",
          "state": "Illinois"
        },
        {
          "city": "Bethesda",
          "state": "Maryland"
        },
        {
          "city": "Fort Bragg",
          "state": "North Carolina"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06608277"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT01279447",
      "title": "Infrapatellar Nerve Block for Post-operative Knee Arthroscopy Pain Control",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "PHASE4"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Internal Derangement of Knee"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "0.25% Bupivacaine",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "Normal Saline",
          "type": "DRUG"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "DRUG"
      ],
      "sponsor": "Northwestern University",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": true,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": null,
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years and older"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 68,
      "start_date": "2011-01",
      "completion_date": "2013-08",
      "has_results": true,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2014-05-12",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-10-09T02:48:34.468Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Chicago, Illinois",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Chicago",
          "state": "Illinois"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT01279447"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT04644796",
      "title": "A Randomized Trial of Exparel vs Saline in Opioid Reduction of Pain Management Following Lumbar Spine Surgeries.",
      "overall_status": "COMPLETED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "PHASE4"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Lumbar Spine Degeneration"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "saline 0.9%",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "Liposomal bupivacaine",
          "type": "DRUG"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "DRUG"
      ],
      "sponsor": "University of Missouri-Columbia",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": false,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": null,
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years and older"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 34,
      "start_date": "2021-02-10",
      "completion_date": "2022-06-13",
      "has_results": true,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2023-06-13",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-10-09T02:48:34.468Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Columbia, Missouri",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Columbia",
          "state": "Missouri"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04644796"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT02104414",
      "title": "Efficacy of Rectal Infiltration of Exparel for Analgesic Benefit Following Hemorrhoidectomy",
      "overall_status": "TERMINATED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "PHASE4"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Hemorrhoid"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "Exparel",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "Bupivacaine HCl with Epinephrine",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "Normal Saline",
          "type": "DRUG"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "DRUG"
      ],
      "sponsor": "St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": true,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "21 Years",
        "maximum_age": "65 Years",
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "21 Years to 65 Years"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 11,
      "start_date": "2014-04",
      "completion_date": "2016-01",
      "has_results": true,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2018-12-04",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-10-09T02:48:34.468Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "New York, New York",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "New York",
          "state": "New York"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02104414"
    },
    {
      "nct_id": "NCT02365909",
      "title": "Study Evaluating Sphenopalatine Ganglion Block (SPGB) for Treatment of Postdural Puncture Headache (PDPH)",
      "overall_status": "TERMINATED",
      "study_type": "INTERVENTIONAL",
      "phases": [
        "EARLY_PHASE1"
      ],
      "conditions": [
        "Postdural Puncture Headache"
      ],
      "interventions": [
        {
          "name": "0.5% bupivacaine",
          "type": "DRUG"
        },
        {
          "name": "normal saline",
          "type": "DRUG"
        }
      ],
      "intervention_types": [
        "DRUG"
      ],
      "sponsor": "University of Arkansas",
      "sponsor_class": "OTHER",
      "healthy_volunteers": true,
      "eligibility": {
        "minimum_age": "18 Years",
        "maximum_age": null,
        "sex": "ALL",
        "summary": "18 Years and older"
      },
      "enrollment_count": 6,
      "start_date": "2015-06-29",
      "completion_date": "2016-08-30",
      "has_results": false,
      "last_update_posted_date": "2017-09-18",
      "last_synced_at": "2026-10-09T02:48:34.468Z",
      "location_count": 1,
      "location_summary": "Little Rock, Arkansas",
      "locations": [
        {
          "city": "Little Rock",
          "state": "Arkansas"
        }
      ],
      "official_url": "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02365909"
    }
  ]
}