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Completed No phase listed Observational Accepts healthy volunteers

Breast Milk and Infant Growth Among Lean, Overweight and Diabetic Mothers

ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT01693406

Public ClinicalTrials.gov record NCT01693406. Field values are reproduced from the official study page; the official ClinicalTrials.gov record remains the source of truth for eligibility, enrollment, and contact information.

ClinicalTrials.gov public records Last synced Sep 7, 2026, 7:21 PM EDT

Data is sourced from official ClinicalTrials.gov public API records. Always review the official ClinicalTrials.gov record for the latest information.

Official title

Breast Milk and Infant Growth and Body Composition Among Healthy Mothers, Obese Mothers, and Mothers With Diabetes

Brief summary

Reproduced verbatim from the official ClinicalTrials.gov record. Not medical advice.

Childhood obesity is a critical global public health concern. Breastfeeding is the ideal choice for infant nutrition. However, rapid and excess weight gain during infancy predicts later, even among breastfed infants. This risk is higher if mothers are obese and/or diabetic. Composition of bioactive components of breast milk may differ based between mothers who are normal weight (NW), overweight, or who have diabetes. Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes are associated with overall increases in inflammation and oxidative stress, but how breast milk composition is affected remains unknown. The investigators overarching goal is to determine how maternal obesity and Type 2 Diabetes impacts human breast milk composition and how differences in composition may impact infant growth and fat development. The investigators are undertaking a study that follows 20 Normal Weight, 20 Obese, 20 Gestational Diabetic, and 20 Type 2 Diabetic mothers and their infants over the first 4 months of life. The investigators will track infant weight and fat gain and monitor maternal glucose control. The investigators will also collect breast milk samples over the first 4 months and measure concentrations of growth and appetite hormones, cytokines, markers of oxidative stress and nutrient composition in milk. The investigators predict that concentrations of growth-regulatory hormones (insulin and leptin) in addition to the inflammatory cytokines and markers of oxidative stress will be lowest in breast milk from NW mothers, higher in breast milk from obese and gestational diabetic mothers, and highest in Type 2 Diabetic mothers' breast milk. The investigators expect these differences will be most pronounced in the first 2 weeks after birth. The investigators also predict that breast milk concentrations of these biomarkers will be associated with infant fat gain. What the investigators find will help understand how early infant nutrition and growth may affect that child's later risk of obesity.

Study identification

NCT ID
NCT01693406
Recruitment status
Completed
Study type
Observational
Phase
Not listed
Enrollment
59 participants

Conditions and interventions

Interventions

Not listed

Eligibility (public fields only)

Age range
20 Years to 35 Years
Sex
Female
Healthy volunteers
Accepts healthy volunteers

This page does not interpret eligibility. Detailed inclusion and exclusion criteria are on the official ClinicalTrials.gov record.

Study timeline

Start date
Jul 31, 2012
Primary completion
Jul 31, 2020
Completion
Aug 31, 2020
Last update posted
Nov 19, 2020

2012 – 2020

United States locations

U.S. sites
1
U.S. states
1
U.S. cities
1
Facility City State ZIP Site status
University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus Aurora Colorado 80045

Site contact phone numbers, emails, and investigator names are intentionally not displayed here. Open the official ClinicalTrials.gov record for site contact information.

About this trial record page

What this page shows
Public field values for ClinicalTrials.gov record NCT01693406, including study identification, conditions, interventions, eligibility (age, sex, healthy volunteer), timeline, and U.S. site list.
What this page does not do
No medical advice, eligibility judgments, treatment recommendations, study quality scoring, or AI-generated medical summaries. No site contact phone numbers, emails, or investigator names.
Where the data comes from
Sourced from the official ClinicalTrials.gov public API. The official record is the source of truth.
Last refresh
Last update posted Nov 19, 2020 · Synced Sep 7, 2026

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Open the official record

The complete protocol, eligibility criteria, and contact information for NCT01693406 live on ClinicalTrials.gov.

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